The four major emission control systems are the catalytic converter, positive crankcase ventilation, exhaust gas recirculation and air injection. One of the most elaborate systems is air injection, or air pump system as it is sometimes referred. This emission control system uses a lot of hardware starting with an air pump mounted in front of the engine and driven by a belt. The air pump is used to inject air into each exhaust port. As the super-heated carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons pass from the cylinder into the exhaust port, they come in contact with the injected air. This causes the gases to burn, converting them to harmless carbon dioxide and water... The air pump also supplies more oxygen to the catalytic converter, which is dependent on additional oxygen to function effectively. This is only one method of controlling a car's emission of harmful gases into the air we breathe.
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